In a university course, why are characteristics such as physical height and chosen major considered examples of variables?

In the context of research methods, match each example or scenario from a university course to the specific concept it illustrates regarding variables.

In a psychological study examining academic stress, a researcher records the 'Chosen Major' of all participants. If every student recruited for the study happens to be a Psychology major, then 'Chosen Major' is considered a variable in this specific study.

A researcher is evaluating how well 'Chosen Major' functions as a variable in different student samples. Arrange the following scenarios in order from the lowest degree of variability to the highest degree of variability.

In research methods, the examples of physical height and a student's chosen major are used to illustrate that variables can represent both quantities and qualities.

The examples of student height and academic majors are used in research methods to illustrate which general principle about the world?

A researcher collects data on 'Height' and 'Chosen Major' from a group of participants. If the resulting dataset shows that every participant is exactly $180$ cm tall but they all have different academic majors, then 'Chosen Major' functions as a(n) _____ in this specific study, whereas 'Height' does not.

A researcher is designing a study using university students as participants. Match each research scenario to the correct classification of how the described characteristic is functioning in that specific study.

A researcher examines two datasets from different university courses. In Dataset A, student heights range from 158 cm to 191 cm. In Dataset B, all students are exactly 170 cm tall. Analyzing these two datasets side by side reveals that whether a characteristic qualifies as a variable depends not on the nature of the characteristic itself but on whether it _____ across the individuals in the specific sample being studied.

A researcher wants to evaluate whether 'chosen major' can legitimately function as a variable in their planned university study. Arrange the following steps in the correct logical order for conducting this evaluation rigorously.