Data Sources for the History's Hockey Stick Graph

Two commentators are discussing a government's plan to build a new high-speed railway. Commentator A states, 'This project is a terrible idea; the government should be spending money on healthcare, which is far more important.' Commentator B responds, 'Before we can judge the project, we need to examine data on its projected construction costs, potential ticket revenues, impact on existing travel times, and the number of jobs it will create.' From the viewpoint that economics is a fact-based discipline, why is Commentator B's position the more appropriate starting point for an economic analysis?

An economist is analyzing the effects of a new import tariff. Which of the following statements represents a factual claim that forms the basis of economic analysis, rather than a value-based judgment about the policy?

Evaluating an Economic Argument

Evaluating Economic Arguments on Minimum Wage

To conduct an economic analysis, one must first distinguish between statements that can be tested with data and statements that express an opinion. Match each statement below concerning a new city-wide rent control policy to the correct classification: 'Factual Claim' or 'Value Judgment'.

Fact-Based Economic Reasoning

Because a fundamental goal of economics is to discover ways to improve the world for all people, the discipline's conclusions must ultimately be based on moral and ethical values rather than on objective data.

Designing a Fact-Based Economic Inquiry

A city council is considering a proposal to implement a new bike-sharing program to reduce traffic congestion. An economist is tasked with providing a fact-based analysis to inform their decision. Arrange the following steps of the economist's inquiry into the correct logical order.

The foundation of modern economic analysis, which seeks to understand and potentially improve how the world functions, is the systematic collection and interpretation of verifiable ______, rather than reliance on anecdotes or personal beliefs.

Data as the Foundation of Economics