· accounts for the first two steps of the model

· when an unforeseen load of meaning is received. The overloading sense can contribute to a sense of familiarity. 


Surprising Fluency 


· accounts for the first and final step of the model

· utilizing imagination of a fictive event before recalling a series of incidents. The familiarity of the imagination can make the false event feel as if it were experienced. 


Familiarity Misattribution

· the incident is plausible 

· the incident occurred to the individual

· the individual perceives the event in the same manner that they perceive memory


New York University

False memories germinated from misinformation that an individual whole-heartedly believed in and can provide emotional, sensational, and factual details when recalling. 


Rich False Memories

Loftus, E. F., & Bernstein, D. M. (2005). Rich False Memories: The Royal Road to Success. In A. F. Healy (Ed.), Experimental cognitive psychology and its applications (pp. 101–113). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10895-008

Rich False Memories: The Royal Road to Success

Series of actions that can convert misinformation to rich false memories. 

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