The "Time out" phase is the second part of the WHO surgical safety checklist, performed just before the skin incision. The entire surgical team participates, orally confirming team member introductions, patient identity, and the surgical plan. During this pause, the surgeon, anesthesia staff, and nursing staff each review their specific critical concerns, such as unexpected steps, patient-specific issues, sterility, and equipment availability. They also confirm that prophylactic antibiotics have been administered if needed and that all essential imaging results are displayed.