Vaccines, that produce toxin-specific neutralizing antibodies, purify the corresponding toxins by treating it with formalin to destroy toxic activity. These inactivated proteins are called toxoids and they maintain sufficient antigenic activity to provide protection against disease. 


Tulane University

Many bacteria are pathogenic because they produce toxins that cause disease by altering the normal functions of cells. In order to affect the human body, the bacterial toxin must bind to an extracellular receptor of a specific cell. Vaccines stimulate the generation of antibodies that bind to this receptor-binding polypeptide to neutralize a toxin. 



Toxin-Specific Neutralizing Antibodies

Parham, P. (2009). Vaccination to Prevent Infectious Disease. In 1145902806 862124677 J. Foltin (Ed.), The Immune System (3rd ed., pp. 439-440). New York, New York: Garland Science, Taylor &amp; Francis Group.

The Immune System

Tetanus and diphtheria toxoids are combined with a killed sample of Bordetella pertussis (organism that causes whooping cough). This vaccine is referred to as a combination vaccine, DTP, and provides protection against all three microorganisms. 

Combination Vaccine, DTP

- Tetanus Toxin

- Diptheria Toxin

- Clostridial-𝛼 Toxin

- Cholera Toxin

- Anthrax Toxic Complex

- Botulinum Toxin

- Pertussis Toxin/Tracheal Cytotoxin

- Erythrogenic Toxin/Leukocidin Streptolysins

- Staphylococcal Enterotoxin

- Toxic-shock Syndrome Toxin

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