- Phototherapy
- Most effective immediately upon waking up in the morning
- In many ways, phototherapy resembles traditional antidepressant drugs
- However, it is possible this is only due to the placebo effect
- Several studies found no relationship between day length and depression

Michigan State University

- A period of depression brought on by the short days of wintertime
- Sometimes the winter depression alternates with summertime mania
- Symptoms in the wintertime include: depressed, sleepy, slow, and overeating
- In summertime, those affected by SAD experience are more energetic, active, and become thinner
- Predominantly in women and starts in early adulthood

Seasonal Affective Disorder

Breedlove, S. & Watson, N. (2017). Behavioral neuroscience, eighth edition. Oxford University Press.

Behavioral Neuroscience 8th Edition

Treatments for Seasonal Affective Disorder

The 'seasonal pattern' specifier is applied when an individual's symptoms of major depressive disorder consistently appear during a specific time of year, most commonly during the fall or winter. This particular subtype is often referred to colloquially as the 'winter blues'.

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