1. high-functioning
2. low-functioning
3. asynchronous
4. below average

Four Subtypes of Mothers with BPD in Child Raising Based on Their Emotional Availability to Children

1. variable-centered analyses
2. person-centered analyses

New York University

1. high-functioning internalizing (quiet BPD)
2. depressive internalizing 
3. histrionic-impulsive
4. angry externalizing
5. schizotypal/paranoid
6. disturbed internalizing 

Subtypes of BPD 

Smits, M. L., Feenstra, D. J., Bales, D. L., de Vos, J., Lucas, Z., Verheul, R., & Luyten, P. (2017). Subtypes of borderline personality disorder patients: a cluster-analytic approach. Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation, 4, 1-15.

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