The noun and verb form separate dimensions, the noun providing the basis for the Knowledge dimension and the verb forming the basis for the Cognitive Process dimension.

Indiana University

- Recall
- Comprehension
- Application
- Analysis
- Evaluation
- Creation

Revised Bloom's Taxonomy

David R. Krathwohl (2002) A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy: An Overview,
Theory Into Practice, 41:4, 212-218, DOI: 10.1207/s15430421tip4104_2

A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy: An Overview

Two Dimension

- (1) Remernber Factual Knowledge (also known as subtype recognizing)
- (2) Understand Factual Knowledge
- (3) Und stand Conceptual Knowledge
- (4) Apply Procedural Knowledge (also known as its subtype, executing)
- (5) Analyze Conceptual Knowledge  (also known its subtype, attributing).

Five Question Types in SAET (Scholastic Achievern English Test) and DRET (Departrnent Required
English Test)

In Revised Bloom's Taxonomy, recall is a cognitive process within the foundational level of Remembering.

It specifically refers to retrieving relevant knowledge from long-term memory without being given significant cues. For example, listing the planets in the solar system or stating a historical date are acts of recall, as the learner must generate the answer from memory rather than simply identifying it from a provided list.

Recall in Bloom's Taxonomy

In Revised Bloom's Taxonomy, the level of "Comprehension" was renamed to "Understanding."

It is the second level of cognitive learning, where a student moves beyond simply recalling facts ("Remembering") to constructing meaning from information. It is the ability to interpret, exemplify, classify, summarize, infer, compare, and explain ideas or concepts in one's own words, demonstrating that the material has been grasped rather than just memorized.

Comprehension in Revised Bloom's Taxonomy

Application in Bloom's Taxonomy is the cognitive level where a learner uses acquired knowledge—such as facts, rules, or procedures—in new and concrete situations.

It represents the ability to move beyond simply understanding a concept to actively implementing it to solve a problem or complete a task. Key actions include applying, demonstrating, solving, using, and executing.

For example, after learning a scientific principle, a student demonstrates application by using it to conduct and interpret a lab experiment.

Application in Bloom's Taxonomy

In Bloom's Taxonomy, **Analysis** is the fourth level of cognitive learning, where a learner breaks down information into its constituent parts to explore relationships and understand its underlying structure.

It involves moving beyond simply understanding information to actively examining it. Key skills at this level include:

*   **Differentiating:** Distinguishing between components.
*   **Organizing:** Determining how parts fit together into a whole.
*   **Attributing:** Identifying the motives, causes, or evidence behind a statement.

Essentially, analysis is about understanding **how and why** something works by deconstructing it.

Analysis in Bloom's Taxonomy

**Evaluation** in Bloom's Taxonomy is a high-level cognitive skill that involves making judgments and justifying a decision or position based on a set of criteria or standards.

It requires the learner to assess the value, quality, or credibility of an idea, product, or argument. In the revised taxonomy, it is the fifth of six levels, preceding "Creating."

Key activities include:
*   **Critiquing:** Pointing out the strengths and weaknesses.
*   **Justifying:** Defending a stance or decision with evidence.
*   **Recommending:** Proposing a course of action based on an assessment.
*   **Assessing:** Rating or judging value and quality.

**Example:** Instead of just summarizing a story (Comprehension), a student operating at the Evaluation level would argue why a character's decision was or was not morally correct, citing evidence from the text.

Evaluation in Bloom's Taxonomy

**Creating** is the highest level of cognitive skill in Bloom's Taxonomy. It represents the ability to generate, design, or produce something new and original by putting different elements together into a coherent whole.

At this level, a learner moves from being a consumer of information to a producer of it, demonstrating mastery by inventing, composing, designing, or constructing a unique product or idea.

**Examples:**
*   Writing an original short story.
*   Designing a scientific experiment.
*   Composing a piece of music.
*   Developing a new business plan.

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