University of California, Davis

Face masks are thought to reduce or prevent transmission of the viral particles through aerosol transmission. The usage of face masks is a controversial topic whose efficacy is disputed by governments, researchers, and the public. Health officials in the early stages of the pandemic advised against the use of face masks for various reasons, although recent developments in the area of research may influence their perspectives.

Face Masks to Prevent the Spread of COVID-19

Fathizadeh, H., Maroufi, P., Momen-Heravi, M., Dao, S., Köse, Ş., Ganbarov, K., ... & Kafil, H. S. (2020). Protection and disinfection policies against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Infez Med, 28(2), 185-91.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340417975_Protection_and_disinfection_policies_against_SARS-CoV-2_COVID-19

Protection and disinfection policies
against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

- Limited Evidence of Effectiveness
- Improper or Inconsistent Usage
- False Sense of Security
- Limited Quantities

Arguments Against the Use of Face Masks

- Use as a Precautionary Measure
- Blocking of Aerosol Agents
- Reduce Transmission from Asymptotic Individuals

Arguments Supporting the Use of Face Masks

Types of Face Masks

- Model simulations created using data from New York and Washington suggests that even less effective masks have large implications in decreasing transmission rates of COVID-19.
- The greatest advantages are conferred when face masks are used in conjunction with other countermeasures such as physical distancing, sanitation, and personal hygiene. Nation-wide adoption, and high compliance rates are key to limiting the spread of the virus.

Compartmental Model Assessing Community-Wide Usage of Face Mask

- The BMJ
- WHO
- The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM)
- Le Infezioni in Medicina
- Infectious Disease Modeling
- BioRxiv
- JAMA

References for Face Masks and COVID-19  by Source/Journal

8 face masks were tested using polydisperse indoor air. Their effectiveness was examined for aerosol of aerodynamic diameters of 0.006 μm to 10 μm. The commercially available masks used in this study were:
- Five were 3-layer mask (labeled M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5 in the study)
- One was a KN95 mask with one-way valve (labeled M6 in the study)
- Two were fabric masks (labeled F1- simple cloth mask, and F2- cloth mask with activated carbon)

Aerosol filtering efficiency of respiratory face masks used during the COVID-19 pandemic. 

Studies demonstrating increases or decreases in COVID-19 transmission due to masking or masklessness.

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