The Covid-19 stressors that were measured include word reductions, health, educational stressors, and social isolation. 
Students were questioned in w=Wave I if they were employed, and in Wave II if they or their parents had experienced work reduction as a result of the pandemic. Educational stressors were measured using a 4-point likert scale in which two main factors were assessed - educational technology and distance learning. Questions concerning Covid related health concerns were asked to assess stressors of health. 
Finally, students were asked if they felt isolated (always/usually or rarely/never) in both waves of data collection

Covid-19 Stressors experienced by First Year students in the United States

The types of stressors experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic include:
- Trauma and loss
- Job insecurity
- Food insecurity
- Escalation of domestic violence
- Exacerbation of pre-morbid conditions
- Disrupted social support systems
- Uncertainty

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Stress caused by health concerns,  individual situations, and/or societal impacts of the Covid-19 virus. 

Covid-19 Pandemic Stress

A stress exposure scale, developed during the first weeks of widespread quarantine during COVID-19 in the United States.

COVID-19 Stressors Scale

This is when people are stressed about the stigma of their age and working in jobs with high direct interface with others.

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