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Universal Bewilderment of the Summoned and the Rejected in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Poem 48)
In Poem 48 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet explores the Sufi concept of bewilderment (heyrat) in the face of Divine majesty. The poem contrasts those who are accepted or drawn near to God (the summoned) with those who are distanced or forsaken (the driven away). Ultimately, Attar asserts that both groups are left in a state of bewilderment. This signifies that God's infinite nature transcends all human states; whether one experiences spiritual closeness or separation, the human intellect cannot fully comprehend the Divine, resulting in universal awe and incomprehension.
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Updated 2026-07-03
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Humanities
Literature
Persian Literature Prerequisite Course