Viral vectors use inactive versions of viruses to deliver genetic material into cells, taking advantage of viruses' ability to easily enter cells. They are the most common vector type in gene therapy because they produce long-term, high level of gene expression. Examples include: adeno-associated viral vectors (AAVs), adenoviral vectors (AdVs), and lentiviral vectors (LVVs).

Viral vectors

Non-viral vectors deliver genetic material into cells and have transient effects and lower efficiency than viral vectors, but offer many advantages: low immunogenicity (the ability to provoke an undesirable immune response), larger DNA capacity, and lower cost. Examples of non-viral vectors include: naked DNA, physical methods (electroporation, sonoporation, gene gun, magnetofection, hydroporation), and chemical carriers.

Non-viral vectors

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

The manipulation of genetic material, by replacing defective genes or introducing new genes, to treat or prevent disease. Vectors are used to transport DNA into cells.

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