Refers to the learners having increased motivation to copy the model when the model is reinforced for their behavior.

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A crucial step in the modeling process that determines whether an individual will imitate a behavior. Motivation is influenced by observing the consequences of the model's behavior, such as vicarious reinforcement and vicarious punishment.

Motivation in the Modeling Process

Spielman, R. M., Jenkins, W. J., & Lovett, M. D. (2020, April 22). Psychology (2nd ed.). OpenStax. https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/1-introduction

OpenStax Psychology (2nd ed.) Textbook

Vicarious Reinforcement

Vicarious punishment is a factor that influences motivation in observational learning. It happens when an observer's motivation to copy a model's behavior decreases after witnessing the model being punished for that behavior. For instance, in the Bobo doll experiment, when children observed a teacher being punished for bad behavior, they decreased their tendency to act as she had.

Vicarious Punishment

A young child watches an older sibling ask politely for a cookie and then receive one from a parent. The young child has seen this happen before and is capable of speaking. Based on the principles of learning through observation, what is the most likely impact on the young child's motivation to ask for a cookie in a similar way?

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