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To evaluate the validity of their new Need for Cognition Scale, Cacioppo and Petty utilized a complex correlational approach. They measured participants' scores on the new scale alongside three other established variables—intelligence, socially desirable responding, and dogmatism—and constructed a correlation matrix; the resulting pattern of correlations supported their theoretical predictions and thus the validity of the new measure.

Example of Assessing Validity via Correlation Matrix

When evaluating the validity of their new Need for Cognition Scale, what approach did Cacioppo and Petty use to examine its relationship with established variables such as intelligence and dogmatism?

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