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A single factor two-level design is an experiment that involves a single independent variable manipulated to create exactly two distinct conditions. For example, a researcher might investigate the effects of expressive writing by manipulating the independent variable to form two groups: a traumatic experience condition and a neutral experience condition.

Single Factor Two-Level Design

A single factor multi-level design is an experiment where one independent variable is manipulated to produce more than two distinct conditions. Researchers use this design when adding conditions can yield greater insights than a basic two-level comparison. For example, Darley and Latané's bystander experiment utilized this design by manipulating the independent variable to create three distinct conditions: a one witness condition, a two witnesses condition, and a five witnesses condition.

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