A researcher observes that stories about a 'Great Flood' appear in the mythologies of many geographically and historically separate cultures. While the core elements of a world-destroying flood and a few survivors are common, the specific details—such as the type of boat used, the animals saved, and the reasons for the flood—vary significantly with each culture's unique environment and values. According to the contemporary consensus view on the origin of such shared psychological patterns, what is the most likely explanation for this phenomenon?

A researcher notes that the 'Wise Elder' figure appears in the folklore of many historically separate societies, from ancient Greece to indigenous American tribes. While the specific details of the character vary, the core pattern of a benevolent, knowledgeable guide for the protagonist is remarkably consistent. According to the contemporary consensus on the formation of these shared psychological patterns, which statement best explains this cross-cultural phenomenon?