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The increased likelihood or chance of developing a particular disease due to the presence of at least one gene mutation and/or a family history that indicates an increased risk of the disease.

Genetic Predisposition

- BDNF encodes a member of the nerve growth factor family of proteins, otherwise known as brain-derived neurotrophic factor.
- Binding of this protein to its cognate receptor promotes neuronal survival in the adult brain.
   - Influences the growth, maturation (differentiation), and maintenance of these cells. 
- May play a role in the regulation of the stress response and in the biology of mood disorders.

BDNF Gene

- HTR1B encodes a G-protein coupled receptor for serotonin.
- Ligand-binding activates second messengers that inhibit the activity of adenylyl cyclase and manage the release of serotonin, dopamine, and acetylcholine in the brain.
- Receptor protein may be involved in several neuropsychiatric disorders (e.g., OCD and Personality Disorder); therefore, it is often a target of antidepressant and other psychotherapeutic drugs.

HTR1B Gene

Genetic and psychology References

DRD4 gene receptor and psychiatric disorders 

MAOA gene and psychiatric disorders

MAOA Gene and psychiatric disorders 

Based on the principles of how inherited factors influence health, evaluate the patient's conclusion. Is their belief that they will inevitably develop the condition correct? Justify your answer.

Assessing Health Risk

Certain genes, when combined with specific environmental circumstances, can increase an individual's vulnerability to developing an addiction. While genetics alone do not cause addiction, specific genes are associated with substance use disorders. For instance, the genes GABRA2 and CHRM2 have been linked to alcohol use disorder, and HIST1H2BD is associated with cocaine dependence.

Genetic Predisposition to Addiction

An individual learns that their identical twin has been diagnosed with a psychological disorder known to have a significant genetic predisposition. What is the most accurate conclusion this individual can draw about their own health?

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