Essay

Analysis of Bank Profit Realization Timing

Consider a simplified economic model with two time periods. In Period 1, a commercial bank accepts a deposit from a saver and simultaneously issues a loan of the same amount to a borrower. The interest rate on the loan is higher than the interest rate paid on the deposit. Both the loan and the deposit, along with their respective interest, are to be fully settled at the end of Period 2. Analyze why the bank's profit from these transactions is not considered 'realized' until Period 2. In your answer, discuss the state of the bank's balance sheet in Period 1 versus the cash flow events in Period 2.

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Updated 2025-08-17

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