A pension fund manages risk by investing in a broad portfolio of different financial assets, such as stocks and bonds from various industries. Which of the following actions by a bank best illustrates the same underlying principle of risk management?

Risk Management in Financial Institutions

Risk Diversification in Financial Institutions

Match each financial institution with the primary method it uses to spread out and reduce its specific type of risk.

Evaluating Risk Diversification in Financial Institutions

A bank making a single, large loan to a highly reputable, financially stable corporation is employing the same fundamental risk diversification strategy as a pension fund that invests equally across 100 different startup companies.

A pension fund minimizes the potential negative impact of a single poor-performing stock by investing in a wide variety of different companies. Similarly, a commercial bank minimizes its risk of default by distributing its loans across a wide variety of different ____.

Arrange the following statements into a logical sequence that explains the parallel between how an investment-focused institution and a loan-focused institution manage risk through diversification.

Analyzing the Impact of Diversification Failure

An analyst observes two financial institutions. Institution A, a bank, has concentrated 90% of its loans in the commercial real-estate sector of a single city. Institution B, a pension fund, has invested 90% of its capital in a wide range of technology companies, from startups to established giants. Based on the principle of spreading risk, which statement provides the most accurate evaluation of their strategies?