Case Study

Architectural Choice for a Real-Time Monitoring System

A startup is developing a system to monitor network traffic in real-time for security threats. The system needs to process a continuous, unending stream of data packets and identify anomalous patterns. They are considering two architectural approaches:

  • Approach A: At each step, the model processes the current data packet along with the complete history of all previously seen packets in the stream.
  • Approach B: At each step, the model processes the current data packet and updates a compact, constant-size summary of the stream's history.

Evaluate which of these two approaches is more suitable for this real-time monitoring task. Justify your decision by explaining the implications of each approach on computational cost and memory requirements as the data stream grows over time.

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Updated 2025-10-09

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