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A practical example of a one-group pretest-posttest design involves evaluating an anti-drug education program for elementary school students. Researchers first measure the students' baseline attitudes toward illegal drugs (the pretest). Next, they implement the anti-drug curriculum over a specified period. Finally, they measure the students' attitudes again (the posttest). By comparing the pretest and posttest scores, researchers can see if attitudes changed, though the lack of a control group makes it difficult to definitively attribute any change solely to the educational program.

Example of a One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design

Arrange the following steps in the correct order to represent how researchers evaluate an anti-drug education program using a one-group pretest-posttest design.

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