There is no exact definition for Natural Language Processing (NLP), but we could catch a glimpse through its goal and academic classification.
- The goal of this field (NLP) is to get computers to perform useful tasks involving human language. (Speech and Language Processing, 2nd edition)
- NLP is an interdisciplinary field of linguistics, computer science, information engineering, electrical engineering, psychology, and artificial intelligence. (Speech and Language Processing, 2nd edition; Wikipedia)

Natural language processing gives a computer the ability to analyze and synthesize human languages. 

Natural language processing

In the dominant machine learning approach, rather than designing explicit step-by-step rules to map inputs to outputs, practitioners define a flexible program whose behavior is governed by a set of adjustable parameters. By presenting this program with a large dataset of examples and labels, a learning algorithm determines the optimal parameter values that maximize the model's performance on the desired task.

Machine Learning Approach

- Natural language processing
- Knowledge representation and reasoning
- Planning and scheduling
- Search methodologies
- Control methods
- Philosophical/theoretical foundations of artificial intelligence
- Distributed artificial intelligence
- Computer vision

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

AI is the field of study that incorporates human intelligence onto computer systems in the pursuit of making them capable of performing tasks that require human intelligence.

Artifical Intelligence

[dl.acm.org/ccs](https://dl.acm.org/ccs) 

ACM Computing Classification System

The list of helpful broad references about AI is categorized as follows:
1- AI books
2- AI online courses
3- AI research papers
4- Images related to AI
5- AI videos

Artifical Intelligence references

Rules-based systems  are a simple kind of artificial intelligence, which use a series of IF-THEN statements that guide a computer to reach a conclusion or recommendation. The domain experts specify all the steps taken to make a decision and how to handle any special cases and this full knowledge of the experts is hard-coded into the system.


Rules-Based Systems (A Simple Kind of AI)

Artifical Intelligence in ACM Computing Classification

What does the analogy "AI is the new electricity"  refer to?

- Human computer interaction (HCI)
- Interaction design
- Collaborative and social computing
- Ubiquitous and mobile computing
- Data Visualization
- Accessibility

Human-centered computing in ACM Computing Classification

System information consists of contextual details or constraints provided to a Large Language Model (LLM) to guide its response for a specific task. This information helps the LLM understand its expected role, the format of the output, or other operational boundaries.

Learn Before

Related

Learn After