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Based on the provided scenario, recall the specific term used to describe the type of prediction the researcher has formulated, and define this term based on how it fits the research process.
Case context: A cognitive psychologist is studying a newly observed phenomenon where students recall information better when exposed to a specific, newly synthesized ambient aroma. Because this aroma has never been tested and there are no psychological theories explaining its effects, the researcher predicts that exposure to the aroma will increase test scores compared to a control group. The researcher plans to collect data, make observations, and hopes to develop a broader theory later based on these observations.
Question: Based on the provided scenario, recall the specific term used to describe the type of prediction the researcher has formulated, and define this term based on how it fits the research process.
Sample answer: The researcher has formulated an a-theoretical hypothesis. An a-theoretical hypothesis is a specific prediction that is not derived from an existing, broader theory, typically used when a research question is highly original and observations are needed before a theory can be developed.
Key points:
- Identify the prediction in the case study as an a-theoretical hypothesis.
- Define an a-theoretical hypothesis as a prediction not derived from an existing, broader theory.
- Recall that this type of hypothesis is used when a research question is highly original, requiring data collection and observation prior to theory development.
Rubric: The student must correctly identify the term 'a-theoretical hypothesis' and recall its definition: a specific prediction not derived from an existing, broader theory, formulated to collect data and make observations before a broader theory is developed.
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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
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