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Based on your understanding of disguised naturalistic observation, identify which phase of the study represents this method. Explain how the difference in the students' awareness between Phase 1 and Phase 2 affects their likelihood of reactivity and the authenticity of the collected behavioral data.
Case context: A psychologist is studying cooperation in a university cafeteria. In Phase 1 of the study, the psychologist stands near the food line wearing a research badge and holding a clipboard, openly writing down notes as students interact. In Phase 2, the psychologist sits at a corner table with a laptop, blending in with other students while secretly observing the food line interactions.
Question: Based on your understanding of disguised naturalistic observation, identify which phase of the study represents this method. Explain how the difference in the students' awareness between Phase 1 and Phase 2 affects their likelihood of reactivity and the authenticity of the collected behavioral data.
Sample answer: Phase 2 represents disguised naturalistic observation because the researcher monitors the students unobtrusively (blending in at a corner table) so they are unaware they are being studied. In Phase 1, the students' awareness of the open observation increases the likelihood of reactivity, where they may alter their behavior. In Phase 2, because students are unaware of the observation, reactivity is prevented, ensuring that their cooperation behaviors are authentic and natural.
Key points:
- Phase 2 is disguised naturalistic observation due to unobtrusive monitoring and participant unawareness.
- Participant awareness in Phase 1 leads to reactivity.
- Lack of awareness in Phase 2 prevents reactivity.
- Preventing reactivity ensures the observed behaviors remain authentic.
Rubric: To receive full credit, the response must demonstrate comprehension by: 1. Correctly identifying Phase 2 as the disguised naturalistic observation. 2. Explaining that the open presence of the researcher in Phase 1 causes students to be aware, leading to reactivity. 3. Explaining that the unobtrusive setup in Phase 2 keeps students unaware, preventing reactivity. 4. Linking these states of awareness to the authenticity of the behaviors observed (authentic in Phase 2, potentially altered in Phase 1).
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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
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