A basic stain is a positively charged dye that colors negatively charged molecules and structures, such as nucleic acids and proteins. Examples of basic stains include methylene blue, crystal violet, malachite green, basic fuchsin, carbolfuchsin, and safranin. Because the dye is attracted to the cell, the outcome of this positive stain is dark cells visible against a light background.

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In simple staining, a single dye is applied to a specimen to emphasize particular structures. This technique generally causes all of the organisms in a sample to appear uniformly as the same color, even if the sample contains multiple types of organisms, making it useful for basic visualization but not for differentiation.

Simple Stain

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Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

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Basic Stain

An acidic stain is a dye that colors positively charged molecules and structures, such as proteins. Depending on the specific chemistry of the bacterial cell, acidic stains can function as either positive or negative stains. Examples of acidic stains include eosin, acid fuchsin, rose Bengal, and Congo red.

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