The forebrain is the largest part of the brain and contains the two hemispheres of the cerebral cortex. Situated beneath the cerebral cortex are the subcortical structures of the forebrain, which include the thalamus, hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the limbic system.

Forebrain

After conception, the head end of the neural tube shows 3 divisions. Here is the schematic diagram of it. 

Schematic Arrangement of Subdivision of Brain 

The hindbrain houses the structures of the brainstem, which include the medulla, pons, and midbrain. These components govern automatic physiological functions such as blood pressure and breathing. Additionally, the hindbrain contains the cerebellum, a structure responsible for coordinating movement and assisting with specific types of memories.

Hindbrain

The nervous system begins developing soon after conception. After a few weeks, the head end of the neural tube has three main divisions
- Forebrain
- Mesencephalon (midbrain)
- Hindbrain 

Grinnell College

Brain regions tend to be involved in a variety of functions even in typically developing people. Deprivation is able to change the function of specific regions through neural plasticity. 

Brain regions and their specific functions

Breedlove, S. & Watson, N. (2017). Behavioral neuroscience, eighth edition. Oxford University Press.

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