Based on the patient's symptoms described in the case study, which two major structures located deep within the largest part of the brain are most likely affected? Justify your answer by linking each set of symptoms to the function of the corresponding structure.

Analyzing Brain Injury Symptoms

The forebrain is the largest part of the brain and contains the two hemispheres of the cerebral cortex. Situated beneath the cerebral cortex are the subcortical structures of the forebrain, which include the thalamus, hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the limbic system.

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Miami University of Ohio

The nervous system begins developing soon after conception. After a few weeks, the head end of the neural tube has three main divisions
- Forebrain
- Mesencephalon (midbrain)
- Hindbrain 

Brain subdivisions

Breedlove, S. & Watson, N. (2017). Behavioral neuroscience, eighth edition. Oxford University Press.

Behavioral Neuroscience 8th Edition

Spielman, R. M., Jenkins, W. J., & Lovett, M. D. (2020, April 22). Psychology (2nd ed.). OpenStax. https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/1-introduction

OpenStax Psychology (2nd ed.) Textbook

Forebrain

After conception, the head end of the neural tube shows 3 divisions. Here is the schematic diagram of it. 

Schematic Arrangement of Subdivision of Brain 

The hindbrain houses the structures of the brainstem, which include the medulla, pons, and midbrain. These components govern automatic physiological functions such as blood pressure and breathing. Additionally, the hindbrain contains the cerebellum, a structure responsible for coordinating movement and assisting with specific types of memories.

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