Reading from RAM requires first sending an address to the memory module, a setup process that takes roughly $100$ ns. Once established, subsequent data transfers are exceedingly fast, taking only $0.2$ ns per $64$-bit record. When reading a long contiguous sequence of records—known as a burst read—the initial high cost is amortized. Conversely, isolated random reads require the $100$ ns setup every time, making the first read $500$ times more expensive than subsequent burst transfers. Consequently, while a system might perform up to $10,000,000$ random reads per second, computational efficiency dictates avoiding random memory access whenever possible in favor of burst reads and writes.