An economy reports that its total output measured in current-year prices grew by 3% last year. However, after adjusting for changes in the overall price level, its total output was found to have actually decreased by 1%. What can be concluded from this information?

Calculating Economic Output in Constant Prices

If an economy's total output measured in current prices remains constant from one year to the next, but the overall price level index decreases during that time, then the actual quantity of goods and services produced must have increased.

Calculating Real Economic Output

An economy's total output measured in current prices is $20 trillion, and the price index for that year is 125. After adjusting for price level changes, the economy's total output measured in constant base-year prices is$____ trillion.

Comparing Economic Performance Across Countries

An economy's total output, measured in current prices, increased from $500 billion to$550 billion in one year. During the same period, its total output, measured in constant base-year prices, rose from $480 billion to$500 billion. Based on these figures, what was the approximate rate of inflation for that year?

An economist is comparing the economic output of two countries, Country X and Country Y, for the same year. The data is presented in the table below.

Based on this data, which statement accurately compares the two economies' total output when measured in constant, base-year prices?

An economist and a politician are discussing a country's economic performance. The relevant data is provided below:

• Last Year: Total output measured in current prices was $10 trillion, and the overall price level index was 100.
• This Year: Total output measured in current prices is $11 trillion, and the overall price level index is 110.

The politician argues, "The economy has shown strong growth of 10%, as total output rose from $10 trillion to$11 trillion." The economist counters, "There has been no real growth; the entire increase in output value is due to a 10% rise in the price level."

Which of the following statements provides the most accurate analysis of this disagreement?

An economist analyzes a country's economic data over a one-year period. Match each finding about the country's total output with the correct implication for its overall price level.