After the study, the researchers explained their findings and the reason behind smaller hippocampal volume as a result of prolonged exposure to the neurotransmitter called glucocorticoids which are released during stress. It is hypothesized that prolonged exposure to this neurotransmitter can lead to atrophy of the hippocampus. The smaller hippocampal regions in DID can be correlated to prolonged stress exposure from trauma shared with other stress-related psychiatric issues such as PTSD. The exact mechanism of action of smaller amygdalar volume is unclear. Other neurotransmitters such as glutamate, serotonin, and other endogenous opioids could have an impact on the volume of the hippocampus and the amygdala. Genetics also plays a role in hippocampal and amygdala development, thus making these individuals more prone to developing the disorder.