Chalmers Johnson (1931-2010) was an American political scientist and author renowned for his scholarly work on Japan and China. He is most famous for coining and articulating the concept of the 'developmental state' in his 1982 book, 'MITI and the Japanese Miracle.' In this work, he analyzed Japan's post-war economic success, attributing it to the strategic, interventionist role of the state, particularly the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), in guiding industrial policy. He contrasted this model with the more hands-off, regulatory approach of Western states.

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The concept of the developmental state was most famously articulated by Chalmers Johnson in his 1982 book, 'MITI and the Japanese Miracle.' Johnson used the term to describe the phenomenon of late industrialization in East Asia, particularly Japan, where the state played a strategic, interventionist role. He contrasted this with the regulatory, hands-off approach of Western states like the United States. The model was later analyzed in the World Bank's 1993 report, 'The East Asian Miracle.'

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