Inorganic ions (nonproteins) that contribute to an enzyme's catalytic activity by stabilizing enzyme conformation and formation. Examples include iron and magnesium.

University of Notre Dame

Helper molecules that bind to enzymes and help them function include:

- Cofactor
- Coenzyme

Types of Enzyme Helper Molecules

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Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

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Cofactor

Reusable organic molecules that help an enzyme to function, often by binding the active site. Examples include NADH and ATP.

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