Comparison

Comparison of Foolish Friendship in Sanai's Hadiqat and Rumi's Masnavi

Sanai's ethical teaching in Section 28 of the Hadiqat al-Haqiqah asserts that a wise enemy (khasm-e dana) is superior to a foolish friend. This concept is later expanded and dramatized by Rumi in Book 2 of the Masnavi through the allegorical Tale of the Bear's Friendship. While Sanai presents this warning as a direct homiletic counsel on selecting companions, Rumi uses a narrative demonstration to illustrate the fatal consequences of relying on the affection of an ignorant companion, reinforcing Sanai's earlier philosophical position.

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Updated 2026-07-03

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course