Both Sanai in the *Hadiqat al-Haqiqah* and Rumi in the *Masnavi* emphasize that the true source of demonic temptation is the internal lower self (*nafs*) rather than an external devil. While Sanai employs the metaphor of Satan flowing through the veins like blood to depict the *nafs* as an intimate, inescapable adversary, Rumi expands on this psychological internalization by having Iblis argue that humans unfairly scapegoat him for the failings of their own egos. Both poets utilize these allegories to stress that spiritual purification requires a vigilant internal struggle (*jihad al-nafs*) instead of merely fighting external foes.

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In Section 43 of Sanai's *Hadiqat al-Haqiqah*, the poet utilizes the prophetic Hadith stating that Satan flows through the veins of humans like blood to describe the intimate, internal threat of the lower self (*nafs*) or demonic temptation.

Sanai argues that the true enemy (*khasm*) is not an external force but is housed within the individual. By comparing this internal adversary's presence to blood circulating in the body, Sanai emphasizes that spiritual purification requires vigilant internal struggle (*jihad al-nafs*) rather than fighting external foes. One must construct a barrier against the carnal soul, much like a dam built against Gog and Magog (*Yajuj*).

The Metaphor of Satan Flowing in the Veins in Sanai's Hadiqat

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