Comparison

Comparison of TCP and UDP

TCP and UDP represent opposing architectural trade-offs for transport-layer communication over the Internet Protocol (IP):

  • Reliability vs. Overhead: TCP establishes connections via a three-way handshake, numbers packets, requires acknowledgments, and retransmits lost data, which ensures complete, ordered delivery at the cost of setup delay and transmission overhead. In contrast, UDP sends data immediately with no handshake, no acknowledgments, and no retransmissions, minimizing latency and overhead at the expense of delivery and ordering guarantees.
  • Application Selection Rule of Thumb: Use TCP for accuracy when every byte must arrive correctly (e.g., loading web pages, sending email, transferring files). Use UDP for timeliness when real-time delivery is prioritized over perfection and minor packet loss is acceptable (e.g., live video broadcasts, voice calls, interactive online games).

0

1

Updated 2026-09-10

Tags

Prep Sessions

Network Architecture and Data Flow: From Packets to Protocols @ University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

Ch.3 Routing and Transport Mechanisms - Network Architecture and Data Flow: From Packets to Protocols @ University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

Transport Layer Protocols: TCP versus UDP - Network Architecture and Data Flow: From Packets to Protocols @ University of Michigan - Ann Arbor