When repeating a stimulus over and over again, you are retaining it into short-term memory.

Rehearsal

Cognitive processes that a person can use to exert some sort of control over their memory (i.e. rehearsal). They
- 1) strategies that make things more memorable
- 2) strategies for attention (where to focus)

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

The “modal model” of primary and secondary memory, developed in the 1950s and 1960s, suggests that 	active information is held in a short term, limited capacity store of short-term memory, and that processing this information results in development of long-term memory. Most evidence at the time suggested short-term and long-term information being stored in different parts of the brain.

The Modal Model

Goldstein, E. B. (2014). Cognitive psychology: Connecting mind, research and everyday experience. Nelson Education.


Cognitive psychology: Connecting mind, research and everyday experience

Amnesiac patients are often unable to retain information long-term, but can perform short term memory tasks well, which supports the idea that short-term and long-term memory use different structures within the brain. However, recent research has also shown that amnesic patients struggle with short-term memory related to complex or related stimuli, which has led researchers to believe that parts of the brain damaged in amnesia may be related to both short-term and long-term memory. Other patients seem to have problems with short-term memory, while their long-term memory remains intact.

Research Supporting the Modal Model

Recent research suggests that, rather than having a deficit in short-term memory, these patients have a general problem with encoding non-semantic information, in both short-term and long-term memory. Research does not support short term and long term memory being entirely independent from one another. Eventually, the modal model was rejected, and in its place, two different perspectives emerged. One perspective explores the processes supporting short-term memory, while the other explores how short-term processing and long-term performance are related.

Research Rejecting the Modal Model

- Short-term Memory
- Long-term Memory
- Affective System
- Motor System
- Sensory memory
- Working memory
- Recognition memory

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