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Coordinate Ascent Perspective of the Expectation-Maximization Algorithm
The Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm can be interpreted as a coordinate ascent algorithm. By treating both the latent variables and the model parameters as variables to be optimized, the EM algorithm alternates between optimizing one set of variables while holding the other fixed. Consequently, each optimization step (the E-step and the M-step) is parallel to one of the coordinate axes in the parameter space.

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