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Correlation between Monetary Base and CPI in Argentina (1960-2017) [Figure 7.21]
The bottom panel of Figure 7.21 visually demonstrates the strong positive correlation between the growth of the monetary base and the Consumer Price Index (CPI) in Argentina from 1960 to 2017. Using a logarithmic scale and setting 1960 as the base year (1960=1), the chart shows both indicators rising in tandem from 1 to approximately 10 trillion. This parallel movement provides striking evidence for the inflationary consequences of expanding the money supply, a practice known as monetary finance.
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Introduction to Macroeconomics Course
Ch.7 Macroeconomic policy in the global economy - The Economy 2.0 Macroeconomics @ CORE Econ
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Correlation between Monetary Base and CPI in Argentina (1960-2017) [Figure 7.21]
Amplified Impact of Monetary Finance with a Small Monetary Base
Argentina's 1991-2001 Currency Board: An Experiment in Fixing the Exchange Rate
Government Finance and Economic Consequences
A country's government consistently faces significant budget deficits, meaning its spending far exceeds its tax revenue. Furthermore, it is unable to borrow money from either domestic or international lenders to cover this shortfall. If the government decides to fund its spending by instructing its central bank to create new money, what is the most likely long-term consequence for the country's economy?
Analyzing the Link Between Fiscal Policy and Inflation in Argentina
Impact of Monetary Base Size on Inflation
A country's government is running a persistent fiscal deficit, meaning its expenditures are higher than its revenues. Additionally, both domestic and international investors are unwilling to lend to the government due to a history of defaults. Under these circumstances, why might the government choose to finance its deficit by creating new money, despite the significant risk of high inflation?
A country with a long history of funding its budget deficits by creating new money, leading to chronic high inflation, decides to adopt a new monetary system. Under this system, the value of its domestic currency is legally fixed to a stable foreign currency, and the central bank is prohibited from issuing new domestic currency unless it is fully backed by an equivalent amount of foreign currency reserves. How does this new system primarily impact the government's ability to finance its spending?
Evaluating a Government's Financing Options During a Crisis
Impact of Deficit Financing on the Money Supply
A government that consistently spends more than it collects in taxes can always avoid high inflation by simply borrowing the difference from financial markets, regardless of its economic history or credibility with lenders.
Calculating the Impact of Deficit Monetization