Concept

Cosmic Envy and the Loss of Perfection in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 35, Poem 25)

In Chapter 35, Poem 25 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet emphasizes the absolute supremacy of divine beauty through the themes of cosmic eclipse and the personification of envy. The Beloved's radiance not only outshines celestial bodies like the 'radiant moon' but also incites the envy of 'perfection' (کمال) itself. By stating that perfection 'sold everything at a loss' (به نقصان بفروخت) in its attempt to rival or manifest such brilliance, the poem illustrates that the Beloved's beauty surpasses human and conceptual limits, rendering all worldly and abstract ideals of perfection ultimately inadequate.

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Updated 2026-07-05

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course