Russia's COVID-19 Situation and Government Policy 

Categories of South Korea's Actions in Containing Covid-19

With the second-highest COVID-19 death toll after China, Italy as been unable to significantly reduce cases. Patient mortality trends show that the elderly and those with pre-existing health conditions are at higher risk, and casualties are linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), caused by the virus. Italy's government has restricted region populations to minimize close personal contact, but the constant rise in cases still heavily stresses the staff and resources of hospitals and care facilities. From working both day and night shifts, around 20% (n=350) of medical staff have contracted COVID-19 or died. To reduce capacity, uninfected ICU patients in Lombardy are being transported to hospitals outside the region. 

Italy's COVID-19 Situation and Government Intervention (February)

- Preventative
- Detect
- Contain
- Treat

Categories of Germany's Actions in Containing Covid-19

Overall trend analysis
Policy
- Detect
- Contain
- Treat

Italy's COVID-19 Situation and Government Policy

Broke the initial three-month period of the pandemic into three stages:
-Stage I
-Stage II
-Stage III

Vietnam's Government Response to the Covid-19 Pandemic

- Improvement of health care capacity
- Fourteen-day quarantine and isolation
- Entry ban
- Border closure

Categories in Vietnam's Covid-19 Response

- Germany
- Italy
- Russia
- South Korea
- Vietnam

Smith College

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

- Economic Policies
- Education Policies
- Medical policies
- Policies by Countries
- Public Health Policies
- Social (and prevention) policies


Types of COVID-19 related policies

Countries have implemented multiple control strategies for reducing the spread of COVID-19, such as closing schools and businesses to enforce social distancing.

Struggle pertaining to controlling the virus:
The epidemiology of the respiratory virus changes rapidly. Reponses have to be nimble. Given that everyone is susceptible to for which we lack effective biologic interventions, the response has required large-scale behavior change, including social distancing and public masking.

Control Strategies for COVID-19

- Current lack of understanding of the prevalence and efficacy of antibodies in individuals exposed to both milder and more acute COVID
- If there is immunity from antibodies, the duration of immunity is unknown
- Subsequent inability to determine how much current herd immunity is in a population or is required to safely reopen economies 
- Present medical and public policy nuances and challenges associated with safe and effective development and distribution of a vaccine to populations

Key Public Health Considerations for COVID-19 Related Policy

COVID-19 Related Policies by Countries

- Social distancing
- Stay at home orders
- Maximum persons to group gatherings
- Mass testing
- Disinfectant protocols
- Personal protective equipment (PPE)
- International/national travel restrictions


List of social (and prevention) policies related to the COVID-19 pandemic

- Global Economic Policies (High-Income Countries, NATO, EU)

- Global Economic Policies (Lower- and Middle-Income Countries)

- U.S. Economic Policies


Economic Policies in Response to COVID-19

- Nursing Students Working Before Graduation Policy 
- Telemedicine Policies Changes Due to COVID-19
- Covax: An International Vaccine Effort

Medical Policies in Response to COVID-19

Paul Cairney & Adam Wellstead (2021) COVID-19: effective policymaking depends on trust in experts, politicians, and the public, Policy Design and Practice, 4:1, 1-14, DOI: 10.1080/25741292.2020.1837466

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/25741292.2020.1837466?needAccess=true

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