University of California, Davis

San Jose State University

- Participants: identify the sample (709 students enrolled in online computer skill course)
- Measurement instruments: adapted from pre-existing instruments (adapted from Garrison et al., 2004; Davis, 1981; Shin, 2003)
- Data collection: two surveys were dispersed
- Data Analysis: analyzed using SSPS 12.0


Research Method: Investigating the Relationships Between Presence & Use and Learner Persistence & Satisfaction

Joo, Y. J., Lim, K. Y., & Kim, E. K. (2011). Online university students satisfaction and persistence: Examining perceived level of presence, usefulness and ease of use as predictors in a structural model. Computers & Education, 57(2), 1654-1664. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2011.02.008

Online university students satisfaction and persistence: Examining perceived level of presence, usefulness and ease of use as predictors in a structural model

*All items measured on a 5 point Likert scale (1- strongly disagree to 5-strongly agree)*

To measure teacher, social, and cognitive presence they asked 28 items such as:
- "I felt part of the class community"
- "Online learning stimulated my curiosity"

To measure perceived usefulness and ease they asked 4 items such as:
- "Learning using the online university platform improved my job performance"
- "Learning to use the online platform was easy for me"

To measure satisfaction they asked 8 items such as: 
- "Studying in this online university is worthwhile to me"

To measure persistence they asked 6 items such as:
- "I will finish my studies at this university no matter how difficult they may be"
- "I will certainly enroll next semester"

*Data analyzed using SSPS 12.0*

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