Concept

Diagnostic Criteria for Intellectual Disability

An intellectual disability (ID), formerly known as mental retardation, is diagnosed when an individual meets specific criteria: earning a score approximately two standard deviations below the mean on an intelligence test (about 70 on a test with a mean of 100), having major deficits in adaptive functioning, and showing these cognitive and adaptive deficits before the age of 18.

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Updated 2026-06-22

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