Silver stain microscopy is a type of staining that be used to visualize *Treponema pallidum* spirochetes. It kills the bacteria is the process of staining, but it allows for easier visualization. It can be a diagnostic for syphilis.

Silver stain microscopy

Treponemal serologic tests detect antibodies that are produced by *Treponema pallidum*.

Treponemal serologic test

Nontreponemal serologic tests detect nonspecific antibodies and not those that are made by the spirochete, *Treponema pallidum* which causes syphilis. This test should be performed in conjunction with treponemal serologic tests. 

Nontreponemal serologic tests

- nontreponemal serologic test
- treponemal serologic test
- Silver stain microscopy

University of Wisconsin - Madison

*Treponema pallidum* is a gram-negative bacteria that causes the disease syphilis. 

*Treponema pallidum*

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Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

OpenStax Microbiology Textbook

*Treponema pallidum* s a gram-negative bacteria that has lipoproteins can activate the host immune response. This can cause damage to host tissues and allow the pathogen to evade the host immune system and spread. 

Virulence factors of *Treponema pallidum*

In order to diagnose syphilis infections, it is important to know the three stages of syphilis infection: 
- Primary syphilis
- Secondary syphilis
- Tertiary syphilis

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