Our results suggest an association between regular long-term yoga practice and differential structures and functions of specific brain regions involved in executive function, specifically working memory, which has previously shown to improve with yoga practice. The results previously discussed contribute to our overall limited understanding of the neurological correlations of yoga practice.

Future studies need to examine intervention effects of yoga and explore its potential to maintain and improve cognitive health across the lifespan through longitudinal and intervention studies. Additionally, future studies should strive to use tasks with a higher cognitive load (i.e. more than just the Sternberg working memory task) so that the association between task performance and brain measures can be explained.