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Distinguishing Between Indifference Curve Slope and MRS

A microeconomics textbook states: "The slope of an indifference curve for two goods, Good Y (on the vertical axis) and Good X (on the horizontal axis), is always negative. However, the Marginal Rate of Substitution (MRS) is expressed as a positive number." Explain why there is this difference in sign and describe what each term fundamentally represents in the context of consumer choice.

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Updated 2025-07-29

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