Short Answer

Distinguishing Between Types of Risk Aversion Variation

An economist observes two distinct phenomena regarding investment behavior:

  1. A large-scale survey reveals that, on average, individuals under the age of 30 allocate a higher percentage of their investment portfolios to high-risk assets compared to individuals over the age of 60.

  2. The economist interviews two colleagues, both 45 years old with similar jobs and incomes. One colleague invests almost exclusively in speculative ventures, while the other holds only government-guaranteed savings bonds.

For each phenomenon, identify whether it primarily illustrates an intrinsic variation or an empirical (group-level) variation in risk aversion. Justify your reasoning for each.

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Updated 2025-07-17

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