As the misalignment between a graphical visualization and its title increases, the title is seen as less credible compared to the visualization.

Davidson College

- Recall
- Lack of perception of bias
- Dropping of title's credibility

Some Effects of a Miscued and Contradictory Misalignment

Kong, H. K., Liu, Z., & Karahalios, K. (2019, May). Trust and recall of information across varying degrees of title-visualization misalignment. In Proceedings of the 2019 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems (pp. 1-13).

Trust and recall of information across varying degrees of title-visualization misalignment

People generally were more likely to recall the general topic that was presented rather than the specific information that was conveyed by either the title or the graphical visualization.

Effects of a Miscued and Contradictory Misalignment on Recall

Even though there may be a slant between a graphical visualization and its title, most people report that the information that is presented is actually neural. 

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