An impulse is related to an instinct. It is a discharge of energy from the id. Impulsivity is a type of personality trait and/or temperament. An impulse  and impulsivity are associated with a response tendency that can come in different forms. This can be cognitive, motoric, emotional, or even motivational. 

Impulses and Impulsivity

A child will rely on his/her parents for the regulation of emotion in infancy and early childhood. Over time, the child learns how to regulate his/her own emotions and moves away from needing someone else, the process by which this occurs is called normative development. 

Early Development of Emotional Self-Regulation

Poverty relation environmental and biological problems are shown to negatively affect self regulatory processes in infants. Higher levels of risk induced by poverty/environment are indicative of lower levels of emotional self regulation. 

Sociocultural and Socioeconomic Impacts on Emotional Self-Regulation 

Emotional self regulation is what contributes to the engagement in music at all ages. Music listening and engagement has been identified as an effective and common form of emotional self regulation and mood regulator. 

Connection of music and emotional self regulation

People with major depressive disorder show an inability or less success in the process of emotional self regulation. They show a higher degree of difficulty when trying to regulate sad emotions or thoughts. 

Emotional self-regulation and major depression disorder

Being able to control emotions depending on the situation and foster motivation to reach a goal. This helps most with adapting to new environments and rules. 


Stanford University

There are two types of self-regulation that are differentiated in research.
- Cognitive Self-Regulation
- Emotional Self-Regulation

Types of Self-Regulation

McClelland, M. M., Ponitz, C. C., Messersmith, E., & Tominey, S. (2010). Self-regulation: The integration of cognition and emotion. *Handbook of life-span development*, 1, 509-553.

McClelland et al. (2010)

Being able to plan, problem solve, and make decisions. These skills are necessary for learning and succeeding academically in school.


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