Escherichia coli is a well-known bacterial species that resides in the human gut and exhibits a peritrichous arrangement of flagella. While most strains are harmless or beneficial, aiding in digestion and defense against pathogens, some strains are pathogenic and cause food poisoning and traveler's diarrhea.

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A species is the most specific and basic taxonomic unit used in the classification of living organisms. Originally established as the narrowest level in Linnaean taxonomy, a species generally refers to a group of individuals capable of reproducing to yield offspring, and it constitutes the second part of an organism's scientific name.

Species in Biology

Peritrichous flagella cover the entire surface of a bacterial cell. The gram-negative bacterium *Escherichia coli* is an example of a species that exhibits this peritrichous arrangement.

Peritrichous

https://openstax.org/details/books/microbiology/

Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

OpenStax Microbiology Textbook

A group of organisms that are (1) the same species (2) in a shared geographical area, and (3) able to interbreed

Population (Biology)

Symbiosis is any close relationship shared by two biological organisms of different species (called symbionts).

Symbiosis (long term interspecific interactions)

Members of the family Hominidae includes all great apes who are quadrupeds.

Hominid

Hominins are classified as modern-day humans and human ancestors. Hominini includes the genera Homo (humans) and Pan (chimpanzees and bonobos) and usually excludes the genus Gorilla (gorillas).

Hominins

A specific epithet is the second, uncapitalized component of an organism's scientific name in binomial nomenclature. It follows the capitalized genus name and is used to uniquely identify a species within that genus, such as the word 'sapiens' in the scientific name Homo sapiens.

Specific Epithet

Within a single species of microorganism, there can exist several different subtypes known as strains. Even though various strains of the same species may be nearly identical genetically, they can possess significantly different attributes and behaviors.

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