Case Study

Evaluating Consumption Choices Under Changing Interest Rates

An individual has no income today but will receive $100 in the next period. They can borrow money at an interest rate of 10%. At this rate, they choose to consume $50 today. An analyst makes two claims about what would happen if the interest rate were to increase to 20%:

  1. 'The individual will definitely consume less today because borrowing has become more expensive.'
  2. 'The total amount of interest the individual pays will definitely increase.'

Evaluate both of the analyst's claims. For each claim, determine if it is necessarily true and explain your reasoning. Your explanation should consider how the change in the interest rate affects the consumer's available options and incentives.

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Updated 2025-07-31

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